AJIC (American Journal of Infection Control). 40(10):955–959, DECEMBER 2012

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.01.026

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PMID: 22633134

Issn Print: 0196-6553

Publication Date: December 2012


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Automated hand hygiene count devices may better measure compliance than human observation

Daniel Morgan;Lisa Pineles;Michelle Shardell;Atlisa Young;Katherine Ellingson;John Jernigan;Hannah Day;Kerri Thom;Anthony Harris;Eli Perencevich;

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Abstract

Background:Hand hygiene is considered a critical factor in the prevention of health care-associated infections, and there have been many studies on ways to measure hand hygiene compliance.Objective:Our objective was to evaluate the utility of estimating hand hygiene compliance using automated count technology versus direct human observation before and after a feedback intervention. We used a before and after quasi-experimental study over 30 weeks, in the setting of one 12-bed neurocare intensive care unit (NCICU) and one 15-bed cardiac intensive care unit (CCU) in a university, tertiary care hospital.Methods:We assessed hand hygiene through a quasi-experimental study comparing estimated compliance using automated count technology and direct observation by a secret shopper with a feedback intervention at month 3. We used Poisson segmented regression and χ2 tests to compare trends before and after the intervention.Results:Over 30 weeks, we collected 424,682 dispenser counts and 338 hours of human observations that included 1,783 room entries. Electronic hand hygiene dispenser counts increased significantly in the post-intervention period relative to the pre-intervention period (average count/patient-day increased 22.7 in the NCICU and 7.3 in the CCU, both P < .001), but direct observation of compliance did not change significantly (percent compliant increased by 2.9% in the NCICU and decreased by 6.7% in the CCU, P = .47 and P = .07, respectively).Conclusion:Passive electronic monitoring of hand hygiene dispenser counts does not closely correlate with direct human observation and was more responsive than observation to a feedback intervention.

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