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Excerpt
Materials and Methods: During an international TEMOS project, sponsored by German Aerospace Agency DLR, scenarios for the most likely medical emergencies with high impact on mission outcome were investigated:
Trauma with burns and inhalation injury, severe cardiac dysrhythmias with myocardial ischaemia, internal haemorrhage with hypovolaemic shock and complex situations during extravehicular activities with loss of spacesuit integrity. Procedures and devices were tested in Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre Russia in spacecraft mock-ups, in centrifuges and in parabolic flights. Algorithms were developed and tested in Human Patient Simulator in Germany. Broadband tele-medical links were utilized when applicable.
Results and Discussions: Proposed changes include: modification, standardisation and addition of telemedicine equipment in space segment and in ground facilities, improvement of ALS algorithms on board the ISS and Soyuz TM spacecraft, addition of drugs, instrumentation, diagnostic devices and ALS-related hardware to the existing ISS medical equipment, upgrade of Soyuz TM descent vehicle for ALS during de-orbit, modification of re-entry trajectories, implementation of standard protocol for vital data collection using minimal intrusive monitoring devices and the use of HPS as an additional tool for decision making support in operational space medicine.
Conclusion(s): Application of project results in analogous terrestrial environments and strategies for emergency medical support in interplanetary mission are the next research goals.
