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Excerpt
Materials and Methods: 100 ASA I-II adults were assigned to 4 groups (n = 25) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. After 100 μg of fentanyl, patients iv. received either lidocaine 2% 40 mg (Group L), metoclopramide 10mg (Group M), lidocaine 2% 40 mg plus metoclo-pramide 10mg (Group LM) or saline (Group C), all into a 4 ml solution, with venous occlusion for 60 sec, followed by rocuronium, 0.6mg/kg over 10 sec. Pain was assessed on a four-point scale and then propofol 2.0 mg/kg was given.
Statistics: ANOVA, X2 and U- test (P < 0.05 sigificant).
Results and Discussions: The age, gender, height and weight were comparable in all groups. The distribution of pain scores is shown in the Table.
Pain on rocuronium injection had 96% Group C patients compared to 60%, 28% and 24% Group M, Group L and Group LM patients, respectively, P < 0.01. The pain score (median) was 2 in Group C compared to 1 in Group M, 0 in Group L and 0 in Group LM, P < 0.01. The difference in analgesic efficacy between Group LM and Group M, or Group L and Group M was significant, P < 0.05. No difference between Group L and Group LM was found, P = 0.81.
Conclusion(s): Pretreatment with lidocaine or metoclopramide both reduced rocuronium injection pain, with lidocaine being more effective. Combination of lidocaine and metoclopramide was not found to be more effective than lidocaine alone.
