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Materials and Methods: This randomized blind study was done in 5-bed intensive care unit. The three different methods were randomly studied in the cases. SDD, SDD with systemic antibiotic therapy and only systemic antibiotic therapy were applied on ten patients in each group (Group SDD, Group SDD + AT and Group AT). The SDD regimen consisted of 500 mg ciprofloxacin, 80 mg tobramycin, and 100 mg fluconazole. A mixture of nonabsorbable antibiotics paste was applied with spatula to the oropharyngeal cavity two times in a day. Two gram cefotaxime per day was given to Group SDD + AT and Group AT also. On admission, inventory cultures were taken from the oropharynx and tracheobronchial tree before and every three days during the prophylaxis regimen. Identification of pathogenic microorganisms and testing for antibiotic sensitivity were done. Chest X-Rays and arterial blood gases were examined for pulmonary function at the same time. Chi-Square test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: In oropharingeal and tracheobronchial cultures, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus colonisation was significantly higher in Group SDD + AT and Group AT than Group SDD (p < 0.005, p < 0.005). The pulmonary infection and consolidation on chest X-Ray was significantly more apparent in Group SDD + AT and Group AT (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in arterial blood gases between the three groups. In addition; the mortality rate was higher in Group SDD + AT (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results show that SDD is an effective method for preventing the respiratory system infection and to decrease the number of microorganisms, colonization rates, incidence of infection, and mortality rate in the intoxicated patients.
