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Excerpt
Methods: Children were enrolled prospectively over 18 months. Patient groups included inflammatory bowel disease (n=31:Crohn’s=24), disease control (coeliac disease: n=14) and normal controls (n=13). Protein levels in serum and mucosal tissue were measured by ELISA. Fluorescent immunohistochemical analysis of colonic biopsies was undertaken to determine the expression of A8, A9 and A12.
Results: Children with IBD had greater serum levels of cal-protectin (4.6 ± 0.8 ug/ml) and A12 (14.4 ± 2.5 ug/ml) than those with coeliac disease (1.9 ± 0.2 and 5.4 ± 0.9) or normal controls (2.4 ± 0.6 and 7.8 ± 2.2) (ANOVA: p=0.007 and p=0.03). Tissue levels of calprotectin and A12 were elevated in IBD compared to control (P=0.005 and 0.019 respectively). Furthermore, tissue levels of proteins appeared greater in Crohn’s disease (CD) than ulcerative colitis (UC) and in inflamed CD compared to non-inflamed CD. A8, A9 and A12 were expressed in cells throughout the lamina propria, but rarely at the epithelial surface, in normal and non-inflamed tissue. In contrast, the number and distribution of cells expressing A8, A9 and A12 was increased throughout inflamed tissue from children with CD, with particularly high expression found in the epithelium.
Conclusion: Systemic and local levels of these S100 proteins correlate with the presence of gut inflammation, suggesting that they may have important local anti-inflammatory or antimicrobial effects. Further study of A8, A9 and A12 may provide useful diagnostic and clinical data in the assessment and management of children with IBD.
