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Excerpt
We investigated the effect of physical activity and sports participation on LDL oxidation in vivo and on lipid risk factors in 183 teenage girls (9-15 years): 64 gymnasts, 61 runners, and 58 controls. As indicators of LDL oxidation we determinated the baseline levels of conjugated dienes in lipids extracted from LDL. The gymnasts had a 15% lower ratio of LDL conjugated dienes to LDL cholesterol (oxidized LDL, p=0.0052) compared to the controls, and the difference persisted when the body mass index was included as a covariate (p=0.013). Also, the gymnasts had a 12% higher ratio of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol than the controls (p=0.046). There were no differences in the other common lipid risk factors between the groups. The oxidized LDL correlated negatively with HDL cholesterol (r=−0.23, p=0.0021) and with physical activity METs (multiples of resting metabolic rate) (r=−0.21, p=0.0040). The gymnasts tended to have even lower oxidized LDL compared to the runners, which may have been due to the greater amount of physical activity by the gymnasts (MET-index 77.0 in gymnasts, 45.5 in runners and 11.2 in controls). Physical activity and sporting are concluded to reduce oxidized LDL in adolescents.
