Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 43(6):1017-1024, JUN 2011

DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318203afa3

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PMID: 21085043

Issn Print: 0195-9131

Publication Date: 2011/06/01


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Antioxidant Supplementation Reduces Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Biogenesis

NATALIE STROBEL;JONATHAN PEAKE;AYA MATSUMOTO;SUSAN MARSH;JEFF COOMBES;GLENN WADLEY;

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Abstract

Purpose:Exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal muscle, and athletes often consume antioxidant supplements in the belief they will attenuate ROS-related muscle damage and fatigue during exercise. However, exercise-induced ROS may regulate beneficial skeletal muscle adaptations, such as increased mitochondrial biogenesis. We therefore investigated the effects of long-term antioxidant supplementation with vitamin E and α-lipoic acid on changes in markers of mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscle of exercise-trained and sedentary rats.Methods:Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) sedentary control diet, 2) sedentary antioxidant diet, 3) exercise control diet, and 4) exercise antioxidant diet. Animals ran on a treadmill 4 d·wk−1 at ∼70%V˙O2max for up to 90 min·d−1 for 14 wk.Results:Consistent with the augmentation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defenses, after training there were significant increases in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein, cytochrome C oxidase subunit IV (COX IV) and cytochrome C protein abundance, citrate synthase activity, Nfe2l2, and SOD2 protein (P < 0.05). Antioxidant supplementation reduced PGC-1α mRNA, PGC-1α and COX IV protein, and citrate synthase enzyme activity (P < 0.05) in both sedentary and exercise-trained rats.Conclusions:Vitamin E and α-lipoic acid supplementation suppresses skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, regardless of training status.

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