Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 123():62–71, AUG 2018

DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.069

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PMID: 29782989

Issn Print: 0891-5849

Publication Date: 2018/08/01


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NADPH oxidase 2 deletion enhances neurogenesis following traumatic brain injury

Jing Wang;Merry Ma;Krishnan Dhandapani;Darrell Brann;

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Abstract

The NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzyme family is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contributor to the secondary pathology underlying traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, little is known about how NOX-derived ROS influences the proliferation and cell-fate determination of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) following TBI. In the current study, we found that deletion of NOX2 (NOX2-KO) significantly decreases the population of radial glia-like NSCs and neuroblasts but maintains the population of non-radial Sox2 expressing stem cells under physiological (non-injury) conditions. Surprisingly, the brains of NOX2-KO mice demonstrated a robust increase in the number of neuroblasts during the first week after TBI, as compared to the wild-type group. This increase may result from an enhanced proliferation of NPCs in a lower ROS environment after brain injury, as further examination revealed a significant increase of dividing neuroblasts in both NOX2-KO and NOX inhibitor-treated mouse brain during the first week following TBI. Finally, 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) lineage tracing demonstrated a significantly increased number of newborn neurons were present in the perilesional cortex of NOX2-KO mice at 5 weeks post TBI, indicating that deletion of NOX2 promotes long-term neurogenesis in the injured brain following TBI. Altogether, these findings suggest that targeting NOX through genetic deletion or inhibition enhances post-injury neurogenesis, which may be beneficial for recovery following TBI.Graphical abstractHighlightsNOX2 deletion or NOX inhibition promotes injury-induced neurogenesis after TBI.Proliferation of neuroblasts is enhanced in NOX2-KO or NOX-inhibited mouse brain within the first week following TBI.NOX2 deletion favors the survival and migration of new born neurons to the injured perilesional cortex.

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