Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 158():317–326, SEP 2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.007
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PMID: 29913356
Issn Print: 0731-7085
Publication Date: 2018/09/01
Efficient extraction of proanthocyanidin fromGinkgo bilobaleaves employing rationally designed deep eutectic solvent-water mixture and evaluation of the antioxidant activity
Jun Cao;Luyao Chen;Mohan Li;Fuliang Cao;Linguo Zhao;Erzheng Su;
+ Author Information
aCollege of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinabState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, ChinacCo-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Abstract
Tailoring deep eutectic solvent (DES) with higher extraction efficiency was demonstrated.Proanthocyanidin was effectively extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves.The tailor-made DES-water mixture was much more effective than conventional solvents.Ginkgo biloba was an alternative resource for proanthocyanidin.Extraction of proanthocyanidin with DES-water mixture was cleaner and energy-saving.Proanthocyanidin (PAC) holds strong free radicals scavenging ability and is widely used as oxygen free radical scavenger. Huge demand, safety and economic aspect are forcing the PAC extraction to explore new resource and greener solvent. An efficient extraction method of PAC from Ginkgo biloba leaves was established by employing deep eutectic solvent (DES)-water mixture. After a rational design, a DES-water mixture (named as Ch-M55) was chosen as the extraction solvent, which was prepared from choline chloride and malonic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2 with water addition of 55% (w/w). The main factors affecting the extraction yield were statistically optimized using a central composite design combined with response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions were obtained as follows: extraction temperature of 65°C, extraction time of 53min and Ch-M55 to solid ratio of 10.57:1 (v/w, mL/g). The PAC extraction yield was 22.19±0.71mg/g under the optimized conditions, which was much higher than those of conventional organic solvents. The antioxidant activity of PAC extracted by Ch-M55 was similar to that of 70% acetone, but a little less than 70% methanol and 70% ethanol. The differences in constituent and polymerization degree of PAC extracted by different solvents might account for the difference in antioxidant activity. In consideration of biodegradability and pharmaceutical acceptability, the Ch-M55-based extraction method is obviously efficient, green and ecofriendly. Extraction of PAC from Ginkgo biloba leaves also provides a new PAC resource.
